CANADA TIMELINE

1497 - John Cabot discovered Newfoundland.

1534 - Jacques Cartier arrives in Canada and claims it for France.

1603 - Champlain explored the St. Lawrence River Valley region in 1603, establishing Quebec as the first permanent settlement in New France in 1608.

1670 - The Hudson's Bay company is chartered by King Charles 2 of England.

1763 - Royal Proclamation signed by King George 3 of Great Britian recognized First Nation and acknowledged that they continued to possess lands and territories untill they were purchased by the crown.

1816 - Governor Robert Semple and 19 colonists killed in battle with Metis at Seven Oaks in a dispute over changing lifestyles along the Red River.

1857 - Gradual Civilization Act passed to assimilate Indians.

1867 - Adoption of the British North America Act. Federal government assumes responsibilities for First Nations and lands reserved for the First Nations.

1871 - Treaties 1 & 2 signed with the Ojibwe. Marked the begining of the Numbered Treaties.

1873 - Treaty No. 3 signed with the Ojibwe for the transcontinental railway.

1874 - Treaty No. 4 or the "Qu'Apelle Treaty" signed with the Ojibwe and Cree.

1875 - Treaty No. 5 or the "Lake Winnipeg Treaty" signed with the Ojibwe and Cree, who agreed to share lands around Lakes Winnipeg and Manitoba.

1876 - Treaty No. 6 signed with the Cree and Stoney. Indian Act passed by the Canadian Parliament which includes Automatic removal of status from First Nation women who marry Non First Nations.

1877 - Treaty No. 7 signed with the Blackfoot, Blood, Peigan, Sarcee and Assiniboine Nations who agreed to share the remaining lands in southern Alberta.

1880 - Indian Act amended to allow for removal of status for any First Nation person who obtains a university degree. It also includes the power to appoint chiefs by the government.

1885 - Northwest Rebellion. Louis Riel and eight First Nations people were hung.

1914 - Indian Act required First Nations to get permission to participate in ceremonies.

1952 - Province of Manitoba allowed First Nations people the right to vote in provincial elections.

1996 - The last resedential school was closed in Saskatchewan.

Source citations:

"John Cabot." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition (2010): 1. Canadian Reference Centre. EBSCO. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

Greer, Allan. "Cartier, Jacques." Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450. Ed. Thomas Benjamin. Vol. 1. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. 184-185. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

Randall, Willard Sterne. "First Encounters." American Heritage 59.1 (2009): 34-35. Canadian Reference Centre. EBSCO. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

Mancall, Peter C. "Strangers in a New Land." American Heritage 59.1 (2009): 36-41. Canadian Reference Centre. EBSCO. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

"Hudson's Bay Company." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition (2010): 1-2. Canadian Reference Centre. EBSCO. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

Kulchyski, Peter. "The Violence of the Letter." Canadian Dimension 41.1 (2007): 20-23. Canadian Reference Centre. EBSCO. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

"Red River Settlement." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition (2010): 1. Canadian Reference Centre. EBSCO. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

"British North America Act." Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition (2010): 1. Canadian Reference Centre. EBSCO. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

"Canadian Historical Indian Treaties Time Line." First Nations. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. <http://www.first-nations.info/first-nations-history-mainmenu-26/history-timelines-mainmenu-27/59-canadian-historical-indian-treaties-time-line>.

"History - Indian Residential Schools." Assembly of First Nations - Assemblée des Premières Nations. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. http://www.afn.ca/residentialschools/history/html.

Flag of Canada. GeoNova Publishing. 01 Aug. 2007. eLibrary. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

English School, (19th century). Jacques Cartier (1491-1557) illustration from Volume IV of 'Narrative and Critical History of America', 1886. 01 Oct. 2004. Bridgeman. eLibrary. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

French School, (17th century). Fighting of Hurons, from 'Voyage de Champlain in 1624' by Samuel de Champlain (1567-1635). 01 Oct. 2004. Bridgeman. eLibrary. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

Stock Montage. Henry Hudson. Getty Images. 02 Jan. 1754. eLibrary. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

Riel, Louis. Ottawa Researchers. 15 Jun. 1989. eLibrary. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

MYCHELE DANIAU. Members of the "Cri" tribe Harvey Thunde. Agence France Presse. 30 Oct. 2005. eLibrary. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

Heinz Ruckemann. Manitoba chief Phil Fontaine becomes the the next Grand Chief.... United Press International. 31 Jul. 1997. eLibrary. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.

West, Elliott. "Frontier." Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. Grolier Online, 2010. Web. 26 Oct. 2010.

Solnick, Bruce B. "Exploration." Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. Grolier Online, 2010. Web. 26 Oct. 2010

/Christie's Collectors Guides  ANTIQUE MAPS by Carl Morelaand and David Bannister. Oxford /

Anonymous. "Louis Riel: Story in a pouch." News from Indian Country. 15 Mar. 2001: 13B. eLibrary. Web. 25 Oct. 2010.